Just as mapping is related to world-building, so astronomy is totally related to world-building. I'm the same as you, I've put a lot of thought into my world-building projects, I do try to make them as plausible as possible, or at least rationalise and explain any eccentricities.
Your idea about a ringed world grabbed my attention. I assume you really want to have a ringed world, so you'd have to think about how it's possible according to physics. Saturn, out in the cold depths where the sun is a bright star, has rings composed of chunks of ice. The rings are visible, and even glitter, because the chunks are constantly smashing into each other, forming and reforming. If this wasn't the case, interstellar dust would accumulate on the chunks and make them dull.
Big problem: chunks of ice won't survive in the goldilocks zone. The temperature in space on the day side of Earth, unprotected by the atmosphere, is hundreds of degrees.
Therefore, either your rings have to be made of something more durable (diamond dust?), or be constantly replenished. Jupiter also has a faint ring system mostly made up of dust kicked up from meteor impacts on the moons, cryovulcanism (geysers erupting ice crystals into space), and sulphur volcanoes on Io but unlike Saturn's glittery ice bling, it's not easily visible.
It's possible your planet could have a rocky ring system, but a large amount of solid matter in orbit would be a terrible hazard to life (ask a dinosaur), and it wouldn't stay up there long.
So I'd say lunar vulcanism or cryovulcanism is your answer, possibly one of each. The ring system would form in the orbit between the two.