Yeah, that's not going to work. I don't know about Gimp, but if you wanted to do that kind of photo-fill, you have to either make it into a seamless texture fill, and fill in the trees area rather than using it as a brush, or apply that texture to a flat round brush, or make sure the brush is a seamless square texture set to 'ribbon'. What you're doing would work well for an 'art brush' that didn't have a photo worked into it.
So, if you were in Photoshop, I'd say make it into a 'texture' and then apply that texture to the brush. If Gimp has a similar feature that should do it.
It's going to form that 'line' around it because you've given the edge a fade, which I know why you thought might work, but because the brush isn't separated out enough in its spacing, gives the look of 'a line'. In order to achieve a seamless ribbon, your brush needs to be set to, what in Clip Studio Paint is called ribbon mode. That will adjust the spacing to not overlap the brushes. Here's an example of a recent ribbon brush I made from historical medical illustrations to draw veins. It's a bit imperfect because it doesn't loop right, but it occupies the full space of the square, and at the small resolution in which I was drawing it wasn't extremely noticeable that there was a seam. If there is no ribbon setting for the brush, you will have to manually adjust the spacing between the brushes, usually with a slider, to not overlap when you fill in an area. However, this will be rougher than simply making a large seamless texture fill that would cover the entire page and then masking it to your tree region.
vein.png
After turning it into a 'ribbon brush' I used it to make these vein clusters. As you see, it does what you wanted, which means it's not overlapping, but just extruding that texture once. When you go up close you'll see it's not exactly perfect, but zoomed out on the forum thumbnail, it looks great! I could have fixed this if I wanted it to be truly seamless but I just wasn't managing to shake off that one pixel gap. D:
veins roots blood tree artery corner obstacle trap [flesh floor, blood river, eldritch abominati.png
If you give Clip a go I'm happy to send you some brushes that do this so you can swipe their settings. If not, you'll have to search in GIMP for an appropriate setting, which may or may not exist. If it doesn't, just make a large seamless texture and either use the selector tool to decide what part of it to delete, or mask it to a flat shape so it isn't destroyed in the process.